Vegas doesn't really properly support any raw files. This issue has been discussed here in the past if you searched. The developers said support for ProRes raw and Blackmagic Raw is in the works but requires improvements to the overall architecture to ensure reasonable performance. So don't expect it any time soon. Canon developed a plug-in for other NLEs- Vegas may be too small for them to bother.
Resolve isn't totally free- for hardware decoding you need the Studio version. It's also heavily subsidized as it is produced by a hardware manufacturer which makes money on cameras, control decks, etc. Resolve also started as grading software so it's pretty obvious why it had raw support. Adobe leverages the company's long history with Photoshop and its own DNG format. Final Cut has more limited raw support, but again is backed by a hardware manufacturer (phones, computers) and created its own ProRes raw standard. Vegas benefits from none of these synergies.
I personally hope an overhaul of the Vegas graphics engine is in the works that will pave the way for proper raw support and a better playback experience overall.
No, I don't think so as many editors use more than one tool. If you decide you want to use raw formats, you will have to use software from Canon to convert these files before editing in Vegas or other NLEs that don't support these files natively. I'm skeptical that much of the cinema camera crowd uses Vegas anyway.
I never heard of DPX files. Can it output jpeg, tiff, psd or png? Of course processing 8K raw will be slow- it's the price for being on the bleeding edge.
Tiff and PSD is lossless, but the goal here is to process the footage doing corrections most appropriate for the raw stage (WB, highlight recovery, noise reduction, etc,) and get it out of raw and into a format for editing in Vegas.