I use NewBlueFX Cartoonr. The "Convolution Kernel" effect can provide some interesting results, though.

With Vegas, here is an example using Darken. It is in Spanish but the video explains itself:

With Vegas, it is also possible to make comic effects with Darken, Bump Map, Convolution Kernel, Unsharp Mask or Threshold. I never use third party plugins.

Use Style Transfer, and use a custom input image of whatever cartoon you are trying to emulate. It works ok, but you may need to add flicker control after style transfer to dial down the flicker a bit.

Actually, I mean something else. There are android apps that turn photos into cartoons. I'm looking for a plugin that can convert videos. For example like this photo.

like said above you have to use a external plugin , Boris or NewBlue

This is a quick drop of the new blue Cartoonnr plus no adjustments

If time is not a problem:

Export your video as a sequence of images (eg. *.jpg) , create a batch (or if Android create a script for automate app) and send images to your favourite app , you will get what you want....
But I recommend BCC Cartoonnr plus or NewBlue Cartonr.......

Thank you very much, do you know if Newblue FX or BorisFX are free plugins?

No. Neither are free, and not inexpensive either. I provided links to their website above... click and explore. But I do agree, NBFX Cartoonr Plus works great.